Q. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules at a given temperature is:
किसी दिए गए तापमान पर गैस अणुओं की औसत गतिज ऊर्जा है:
Explanation
According to kinetic molecular theory, the average kinetic energy depends only on temperature, not on the type of gas.
Fundamental equation: Average KE = (3/2)kT
Key points:
- Independent of molecular mass
- Independent of molecular structure
- Only depends on absolute temperature
- Same for all ideal gases at same temperature
Physical meaning:
- Temperature is a measure of average kinetic energy
- Heavier molecules move slower, lighter molecules move faster
- But average kinetic energy remains constant
Example at 300 K:
- H₂, O₂, CO₂ all have same average KE = (3/2)kT
- But different average speeds due to different masses
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