Q. According to Gauss’s law, the net flux through a closed surface is

गॉस के नियम के अनुसार, एक बंद सतह के माध्यम से शुद्ध प्रवाह होता है

Always zero
सदैव शून्य

Equal to charge enclosed/ε₀
चार्ज एनक्लोज्ड/ε₀ के बराबर

Proportional to volume
आयतन के समानुपाती

Depends on external field
बाहरी क्षेत्र पर निर्भर करता है

Directly from Gauss’s Law:

$\Phi_E = \frac{q_{\text{enclosed}}}{\varepsilon_0}$

The flux is not always zero (unless $q_{\text{enclosed}} = 0$ ), and does not depend on external fields or volume.

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