Q. According to the kinetic theory of gases, the absolute temperature is directly proportional to:
गैसों के गतिज सिद्धांत के अनुसार, निरपेक्ष तापमान सीधे आनुपातिक होता है:
Explanation
According to kinetic molecular theory, absolute temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules.
Fundamental relationship: T ∝ Average KE Average KE = (3/2)kT
Key points:
- This is the definition of temperature in kinetic theory
- Temperature is a measure of molecular motion intensity
- Not related to potential energy (intermolecular forces)
- Not related to total energy (includes both KE and PE)
Physical meaning:
- Higher temperature → faster molecular motion
- Temperature scale (Kelvin) is based on this relationship
- Absolute zero corresponds to zero molecular kinetic energy
Applications:
- Gas thermometry
- Kinetic theory calculations
- Statistical mechanics
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